blob: 1a35540ca51e7d065cc08a3cac9cc68652cae7b7 [file] [log] [blame]
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -05001package grpcreflect
2
3import (
4 "bytes"
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +00005 "context"
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -05006 "fmt"
7 "io"
8 "reflect"
9 "runtime"
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000010 "sort"
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050011 "sync"
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000012 "sync/atomic"
13 "time"
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050014
15 "github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000016 "google.golang.org/grpc"
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050017 "google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000018 refv1 "google.golang.org/grpc/reflection/grpc_reflection_v1"
19 refv1alpha "google.golang.org/grpc/reflection/grpc_reflection_v1alpha"
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050020 "google.golang.org/grpc/status"
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000021 "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protodesc"
22 "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect"
23 "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoregistry"
24 "google.golang.org/protobuf/types/descriptorpb"
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050025
26 "github.com/jhump/protoreflect/desc"
27 "github.com/jhump/protoreflect/internal"
28)
29
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000030// If we try the v1 reflection API and get back "not implemented", we'll wait
31// this long before trying v1 again. This allows a long-lived client to
32// dynamically switch from v1alpha to v1 if the underlying server is updated
33// to support it. But it also prevents every stream request from always trying
34// v1 first: if we try it and see it fail, we shouldn't continually retry it
35// if we expect it will fail again.
36const durationBetweenV1Attempts = time.Hour
37
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050038// elementNotFoundError is the error returned by reflective operations where the
39// server does not recognize a given file name, symbol name, or extension.
40type elementNotFoundError struct {
41 name string
42 kind elementKind
43 symType symbolType // only used when kind == elementKindSymbol
44 tag int32 // only used when kind == elementKindExtension
45
46 // only errors with a kind of elementKindFile will have a cause, which means
47 // the named file count not be resolved because of a dependency that could
48 // not be found where cause describes the missing dependency
49 cause *elementNotFoundError
50}
51
52type elementKind int
53
54const (
55 elementKindSymbol elementKind = iota
56 elementKindFile
57 elementKindExtension
58)
59
60type symbolType string
61
62const (
63 symbolTypeService = "Service"
64 symbolTypeMessage = "Message"
65 symbolTypeEnum = "Enum"
66 symbolTypeUnknown = "Symbol"
67)
68
69func symbolNotFound(symbol string, symType symbolType, cause *elementNotFoundError) error {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000070 if cause != nil && cause.kind == elementKindSymbol && cause.name == symbol {
71 // no need to wrap
72 if symType != symbolTypeUnknown && cause.symType == symbolTypeUnknown {
73 // We previously didn't know symbol type but now do?
74 // Create a new error that has the right symbol type.
75 return &elementNotFoundError{name: symbol, symType: symType, kind: elementKindSymbol}
76 }
77 return cause
78 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050079 return &elementNotFoundError{name: symbol, symType: symType, kind: elementKindSymbol, cause: cause}
80}
81
82func extensionNotFound(extendee string, tag int32, cause *elementNotFoundError) error {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000083 if cause != nil && cause.kind == elementKindExtension && cause.name == extendee && cause.tag == tag {
84 // no need to wrap
85 return cause
86 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050087 return &elementNotFoundError{name: extendee, tag: tag, kind: elementKindExtension, cause: cause}
88}
89
90func fileNotFound(file string, cause *elementNotFoundError) error {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +000091 if cause != nil && cause.kind == elementKindFile && cause.name == file {
92 // no need to wrap
93 return cause
94 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -050095 return &elementNotFoundError{name: file, kind: elementKindFile, cause: cause}
96}
97
98func (e *elementNotFoundError) Error() string {
99 first := true
100 var b bytes.Buffer
101 for ; e != nil; e = e.cause {
102 if first {
103 first = false
104 } else {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000105 _, _ = fmt.Fprint(&b, "\ncaused by: ")
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500106 }
107 switch e.kind {
108 case elementKindSymbol:
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000109 _, _ = fmt.Fprintf(&b, "%s not found: %s", e.symType, e.name)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500110 case elementKindExtension:
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000111 _, _ = fmt.Fprintf(&b, "Extension not found: tag %d for %s", e.tag, e.name)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500112 default:
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000113 _, _ = fmt.Fprintf(&b, "File not found: %s", e.name)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500114 }
115 }
116 return b.String()
117}
118
119// IsElementNotFoundError determines if the given error indicates that a file
120// name, symbol name, or extension field was could not be found by the server.
121func IsElementNotFoundError(err error) bool {
122 _, ok := err.(*elementNotFoundError)
123 return ok
124}
125
126// ProtocolError is an error returned when the server sends a response of the
127// wrong type.
128type ProtocolError struct {
129 missingType reflect.Type
130}
131
132func (p ProtocolError) Error() string {
133 return fmt.Sprintf("Protocol error: response was missing %v", p.missingType)
134}
135
136type extDesc struct {
137 extendedMessageName string
138 extensionNumber int32
139}
140
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000141type resolvers struct {
142 descriptorResolver protodesc.Resolver
143 extensionResolver protoregistry.ExtensionTypeResolver
144}
145
146type fileEntry struct {
147 fd *desc.FileDescriptor
148 fallback bool
149}
150
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500151// Client is a client connection to a server for performing reflection calls
152// and resolving remote symbols.
153type Client struct {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000154 ctx context.Context
155 now func() time.Time
156 stubV1 refv1.ServerReflectionClient
157 stubV1Alpha refv1alpha.ServerReflectionClient
158 allowMissing atomic.Bool
159 fallbackResolver atomic.Pointer[resolvers]
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500160
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000161 connMu sync.Mutex
162 cancel context.CancelFunc
163 stream refv1.ServerReflection_ServerReflectionInfoClient
164 useV1Alpha bool
165 lastTriedV1 time.Time
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500166
167 cacheMu sync.RWMutex
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000168 protosByName map[string]*descriptorpb.FileDescriptorProto
169 filesByName map[string]fileEntry
170 filesBySymbol map[string]fileEntry
171 filesByExtension map[extDesc]fileEntry
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500172}
173
174// NewClient creates a new Client with the given root context and using the
175// given RPC stub for talking to the server.
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000176//
177// Deprecated: Use NewClientV1Alpha if you are intentionally pinning the
178// v1alpha version of the reflection service. Otherwise, use NewClientAuto
179// instead.
180func NewClient(ctx context.Context, stub refv1alpha.ServerReflectionClient) *Client {
181 return NewClientV1Alpha(ctx, stub)
182}
183
184// NewClientV1Alpha creates a new Client using the v1alpha version of reflection
185// with the given root context and using the given RPC stub for talking to the
186// server.
187func NewClientV1Alpha(ctx context.Context, stub refv1alpha.ServerReflectionClient) *Client {
188 return newClient(ctx, nil, stub)
189}
190
191// NewClientV1 creates a new Client using the v1 version of reflection with the
192// given root context and using the given RPC stub for talking to the server.
193func NewClientV1(ctx context.Context, stub refv1.ServerReflectionClient) *Client {
194 return newClient(ctx, stub, nil)
195}
196
197func newClient(ctx context.Context, stubv1 refv1.ServerReflectionClient, stubv1alpha refv1alpha.ServerReflectionClient) *Client {
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500198 cr := &Client{
199 ctx: ctx,
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000200 now: time.Now,
201 stubV1: stubv1,
202 stubV1Alpha: stubv1alpha,
203 protosByName: map[string]*descriptorpb.FileDescriptorProto{},
204 filesByName: map[string]fileEntry{},
205 filesBySymbol: map[string]fileEntry{},
206 filesByExtension: map[extDesc]fileEntry{},
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500207 }
208 // don't leak a grpc stream
209 runtime.SetFinalizer(cr, (*Client).Reset)
210 return cr
211}
212
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000213// NewClientAuto creates a new Client that will use either v1 or v1alpha version
214// of reflection (based on what the server supports) with the given root context
215// and using the given client connection.
216//
217// It will first the v1 version of the reflection service. If it gets back an
218// "Unimplemented" error, it will fall back to using the v1alpha version. It
219// will remember which version the server supports for any subsequent operations
220// that need to re-invoke the streaming RPC. But, if it's a very long-lived
221// client, it will periodically retry the v1 version (in case the server is
222// updated to support it also). The period for these retries is every hour.
223func NewClientAuto(ctx context.Context, cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) *Client {
224 stubv1 := refv1.NewServerReflectionClient(cc)
225 stubv1alpha := refv1alpha.NewServerReflectionClient(cc)
226 return newClient(ctx, stubv1, stubv1alpha)
227}
228
229// AllowMissingFileDescriptors configures the client to allow missing files
230// when building descriptors when possible. Missing files are often fatal
231// errors, but with this option they can sometimes be worked around. Building
232// a schema can only succeed with some files missing if the files in question
233// only provide custom options and/or other unused types.
234func (cr *Client) AllowMissingFileDescriptors() {
235 cr.allowMissing.Store(true)
236}
237
238// AllowFallbackResolver configures the client to allow falling back to the
239// given resolvers if the server is unable to supply descriptors for a particular
240// query. This allows working around issues where servers' reflection service
241// provides an incomplete set of descriptors, but the client has knowledge of
242// the missing descriptors from another source. It is usually most appropriate
243// to pass [protoregistry.GlobalFiles] and [protoregistry.GlobalTypes] as the
244// resolver values.
245//
246// The first value is used as a fallback for FileByFilename and FileContainingSymbol
247// queries. The second value is used as a fallback for FileContainingExtension. It
248// can also be used as a fallback for AllExtensionNumbersForType if it provides
249// a method with the following signature (which *[protoregistry.Types] provides):
250//
251// RangeExtensionsByMessage(message protoreflect.FullName, f func(protoreflect.ExtensionType) bool)
252func (cr *Client) AllowFallbackResolver(descriptors protodesc.Resolver, exts protoregistry.ExtensionTypeResolver) {
253 if descriptors == nil && exts == nil {
254 cr.fallbackResolver.Store(nil)
255 } else {
256 cr.fallbackResolver.Store(&resolvers{
257 descriptorResolver: descriptors,
258 extensionResolver: exts,
259 })
260 }
261}
262
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500263// FileByFilename asks the server for a file descriptor for the proto file with
264// the given name.
265func (cr *Client) FileByFilename(filename string) (*desc.FileDescriptor, error) {
266 // hit the cache first
267 cr.cacheMu.RLock()
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000268 if entry, ok := cr.filesByName[filename]; ok {
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500269 cr.cacheMu.RUnlock()
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000270 return entry.fd, nil
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500271 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000272 // not there? see if we've downloaded the proto
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500273 fdp, ok := cr.protosByName[filename]
274 cr.cacheMu.RUnlock()
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500275 if ok {
276 return cr.descriptorFromProto(fdp)
277 }
278
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000279 req := &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest{
280 MessageRequest: &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest_FileByFilename{
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500281 FileByFilename: filename,
282 },
283 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000284 accept := func(fd *desc.FileDescriptor) bool {
285 return fd.GetName() == filename
286 }
287
288 fd, err := cr.getAndCacheFileDescriptors(req, filename, "", accept)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500289 if isNotFound(err) {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000290 // File not found? see if we can look up via alternate name
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500291 if alternate, ok := internal.StdFileAliases[filename]; ok {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000292 req := &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest{
293 MessageRequest: &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest_FileByFilename{
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500294 FileByFilename: alternate,
295 },
296 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000297 fd, err = cr.getAndCacheFileDescriptors(req, alternate, filename, accept)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500298 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000299 }
300 if isNotFound(err) {
301 // Still no? See if we can use a fallback resolver
302 resolver := cr.fallbackResolver.Load()
303 if resolver != nil && resolver.descriptorResolver != nil {
304 fileDesc, fallbackErr := resolver.descriptorResolver.FindFileByPath(filename)
305 if fallbackErr == nil {
306 var wrapErr error
307 fd, wrapErr = desc.WrapFile(fileDesc)
308 if wrapErr == nil {
309 fd = cr.cacheFile(fd, true)
310 err = nil // clear error since we've succeeded via the fallback
311 }
312 }
313 }
314 }
315 if isNotFound(err) {
316 err = fileNotFound(filename, nil)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500317 } else if e, ok := err.(*elementNotFoundError); ok {
318 err = fileNotFound(filename, e)
319 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000320
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500321 return fd, err
322}
323
324// FileContainingSymbol asks the server for a file descriptor for the proto file
325// that declares the given fully-qualified symbol.
326func (cr *Client) FileContainingSymbol(symbol string) (*desc.FileDescriptor, error) {
327 // hit the cache first
328 cr.cacheMu.RLock()
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000329 entry, ok := cr.filesBySymbol[symbol]
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500330 cr.cacheMu.RUnlock()
331 if ok {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000332 return entry.fd, nil
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500333 }
334
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000335 req := &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest{
336 MessageRequest: &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest_FileContainingSymbol{
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500337 FileContainingSymbol: symbol,
338 },
339 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000340 accept := func(fd *desc.FileDescriptor) bool {
341 return fd.FindSymbol(symbol) != nil
342 }
343 fd, err := cr.getAndCacheFileDescriptors(req, "", "", accept)
344 if isNotFound(err) {
345 // Symbol not found? See if we can use a fallback resolver
346 resolver := cr.fallbackResolver.Load()
347 if resolver != nil && resolver.descriptorResolver != nil {
348 d, fallbackErr := resolver.descriptorResolver.FindDescriptorByName(protoreflect.FullName(symbol))
349 if fallbackErr == nil {
350 var wrapErr error
351 fd, wrapErr = desc.WrapFile(d.ParentFile())
352 if wrapErr == nil {
353 fd = cr.cacheFile(fd, true)
354 err = nil // clear error since we've succeeded via the fallback
355 }
356 }
357 }
358 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500359 if isNotFound(err) {
360 err = symbolNotFound(symbol, symbolTypeUnknown, nil)
361 } else if e, ok := err.(*elementNotFoundError); ok {
362 err = symbolNotFound(symbol, symbolTypeUnknown, e)
363 }
364 return fd, err
365}
366
367// FileContainingExtension asks the server for a file descriptor for the proto
368// file that declares an extension with the given number for the given
369// fully-qualified message name.
370func (cr *Client) FileContainingExtension(extendedMessageName string, extensionNumber int32) (*desc.FileDescriptor, error) {
371 // hit the cache first
372 cr.cacheMu.RLock()
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000373 entry, ok := cr.filesByExtension[extDesc{extendedMessageName, extensionNumber}]
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500374 cr.cacheMu.RUnlock()
375 if ok {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000376 return entry.fd, nil
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500377 }
378
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000379 req := &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest{
380 MessageRequest: &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest_FileContainingExtension{
381 FileContainingExtension: &refv1.ExtensionRequest{
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500382 ContainingType: extendedMessageName,
383 ExtensionNumber: extensionNumber,
384 },
385 },
386 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000387 accept := func(fd *desc.FileDescriptor) bool {
388 return fd.FindExtension(extendedMessageName, extensionNumber) != nil
389 }
390 fd, err := cr.getAndCacheFileDescriptors(req, "", "", accept)
391 if isNotFound(err) {
392 // Extension not found? See if we can use a fallback resolver
393 resolver := cr.fallbackResolver.Load()
394 if resolver != nil && resolver.extensionResolver != nil {
395 extType, fallbackErr := resolver.extensionResolver.FindExtensionByNumber(protoreflect.FullName(extendedMessageName), protoreflect.FieldNumber(extensionNumber))
396 if fallbackErr == nil {
397 var wrapErr error
398 fd, wrapErr = desc.WrapFile(extType.TypeDescriptor().ParentFile())
399 if wrapErr == nil {
400 fd = cr.cacheFile(fd, true)
401 err = nil // clear error since we've succeeded via the fallback
402 }
403 }
404 }
405 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500406 if isNotFound(err) {
407 err = extensionNotFound(extendedMessageName, extensionNumber, nil)
408 } else if e, ok := err.(*elementNotFoundError); ok {
409 err = extensionNotFound(extendedMessageName, extensionNumber, e)
410 }
411 return fd, err
412}
413
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000414func (cr *Client) getAndCacheFileDescriptors(req *refv1.ServerReflectionRequest, expectedName, alias string, accept func(*desc.FileDescriptor) bool) (*desc.FileDescriptor, error) {
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500415 resp, err := cr.send(req)
416 if err != nil {
417 return nil, err
418 }
419
420 fdResp := resp.GetFileDescriptorResponse()
421 if fdResp == nil {
422 return nil, &ProtocolError{reflect.TypeOf(fdResp).Elem()}
423 }
424
425 // Response can contain the result file descriptor, but also its transitive
426 // deps. Furthermore, protocol states that subsequent requests do not need
427 // to send transitive deps that have been sent in prior responses. So we
428 // need to cache all file descriptors and then return the first one (which
429 // should be the answer). If we're looking for a file by name, we can be
430 // smarter and make sure to grab one by name instead of just grabbing the
431 // first one.
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000432 var fds []*descriptorpb.FileDescriptorProto
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500433 for _, fdBytes := range fdResp.FileDescriptorProto {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000434 fd := &descriptorpb.FileDescriptorProto{}
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500435 if err = proto.Unmarshal(fdBytes, fd); err != nil {
436 return nil, err
437 }
438
439 if expectedName != "" && alias != "" && expectedName != alias && fd.GetName() == expectedName {
440 // we found a file was aliased, so we need to update the proto to reflect that
441 fd.Name = proto.String(alias)
442 }
443
444 cr.cacheMu.Lock()
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500445 // store in cache of raw descriptor protos, but don't overwrite existing protos
446 if existingFd, ok := cr.protosByName[fd.GetName()]; ok {
447 fd = existingFd
448 } else {
449 cr.protosByName[fd.GetName()] = fd
450 }
451 cr.cacheMu.Unlock()
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000452
453 fds = append(fds, fd)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500454 }
455
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000456 // find the right result from the files returned
457 for _, fd := range fds {
458 result, err := cr.descriptorFromProto(fd)
459 if err != nil {
460 return nil, err
461 }
462 if accept(result) {
463 return result, nil
464 }
465 }
466
467 return nil, status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "response does not include expected file")
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500468}
469
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000470func (cr *Client) descriptorFromProto(fd *descriptorpb.FileDescriptorProto) (*desc.FileDescriptor, error) {
471 allowMissing := cr.allowMissing.Load()
472 deps := make([]*desc.FileDescriptor, 0, len(fd.GetDependency()))
473 var deferredErr error
474 var missingDeps []int
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500475 for i, depName := range fd.GetDependency() {
476 if dep, err := cr.FileByFilename(depName); err != nil {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000477 if _, ok := err.(*elementNotFoundError); !ok || !allowMissing {
478 return nil, err
479 }
480 // We'll ignore for now to see if the file is really necessary.
481 // (If it only supplies custom options, we can get by without it.)
482 if deferredErr == nil {
483 deferredErr = err
484 }
485 missingDeps = append(missingDeps, i)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500486 } else {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000487 deps = append(deps, dep)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500488 }
489 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000490 if len(missingDeps) > 0 {
491 fd = fileWithoutDeps(fd, missingDeps)
492 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500493 d, err := desc.CreateFileDescriptor(fd, deps...)
494 if err != nil {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000495 if deferredErr != nil {
496 // assume the issue is the missing dep
497 return nil, deferredErr
498 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500499 return nil, err
500 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000501 d = cr.cacheFile(d, false)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500502 return d, nil
503}
504
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000505func (cr *Client) cacheFile(fd *desc.FileDescriptor, fallback bool) *desc.FileDescriptor {
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500506 cr.cacheMu.Lock()
507 defer cr.cacheMu.Unlock()
508
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000509 // Cache file descriptor by name. If we can't overwrite an existing
510 // entry, return it. (Existing entry could come from concurrent caller.)
511 if existing, ok := cr.filesByName[fd.GetName()]; ok && !canOverwrite(existing, fallback) {
512 return existing.fd
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500513 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000514 entry := fileEntry{fd: fd, fallback: fallback}
515 cr.filesByName[fd.GetName()] = entry
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500516
517 // also cache by symbols and extensions
518 for _, m := range fd.GetMessageTypes() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000519 cr.cacheMessageLocked(m, entry)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500520 }
521 for _, e := range fd.GetEnumTypes() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000522 if !cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(e.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry) {
523 continue
524 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500525 for _, v := range e.GetValues() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000526 cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(v.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500527 }
528 }
529 for _, e := range fd.GetExtensions() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000530 if !cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(e.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry) {
531 continue
532 }
533 cr.maybeCacheFileByExtension(extDesc{e.GetOwner().GetFullyQualifiedName(), e.GetNumber()}, entry)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500534 }
535 for _, s := range fd.GetServices() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000536 if !cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(s.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry) {
537 continue
538 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500539 for _, m := range s.GetMethods() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000540 cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(m.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500541 }
542 }
543
544 return fd
545}
546
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000547func (cr *Client) cacheMessageLocked(md *desc.MessageDescriptor, entry fileEntry) {
548 if !cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(md.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry) {
549 return
550 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500551 for _, f := range md.GetFields() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000552 cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(f.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500553 }
554 for _, o := range md.GetOneOfs() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000555 cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(o.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500556 }
557 for _, e := range md.GetNestedEnumTypes() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000558 if !cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(e.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry) {
559 continue
560 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500561 for _, v := range e.GetValues() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000562 cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(v.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500563 }
564 }
565 for _, e := range md.GetNestedExtensions() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000566 if !cr.maybeCacheFileBySymbol(e.GetFullyQualifiedName(), entry) {
567 continue
568 }
569 cr.maybeCacheFileByExtension(extDesc{e.GetOwner().GetFullyQualifiedName(), e.GetNumber()}, entry)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500570 }
571 for _, m := range md.GetNestedMessageTypes() {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000572 cr.cacheMessageLocked(m, entry) // recurse
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500573 }
574}
575
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000576func canOverwrite(existing fileEntry, fallback bool) bool {
577 return !fallback && existing.fallback
578}
579
580func (cr *Client) maybeCacheFileBySymbol(symbol string, entry fileEntry) bool {
581 existing, ok := cr.filesBySymbol[symbol]
582 if ok && !canOverwrite(existing, entry.fallback) {
583 return false
584 }
585 cr.filesBySymbol[symbol] = entry
586 return true
587}
588
589func (cr *Client) maybeCacheFileByExtension(ext extDesc, entry fileEntry) {
590 existing, ok := cr.filesByExtension[ext]
591 if ok && !canOverwrite(existing, entry.fallback) {
592 return
593 }
594 cr.filesByExtension[ext] = entry
595}
596
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500597// AllExtensionNumbersForType asks the server for all known extension numbers
598// for the given fully-qualified message name.
599func (cr *Client) AllExtensionNumbersForType(extendedMessageName string) ([]int32, error) {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000600 req := &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest{
601 MessageRequest: &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest_AllExtensionNumbersOfType{
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500602 AllExtensionNumbersOfType: extendedMessageName,
603 },
604 }
605 resp, err := cr.send(req)
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000606 var exts []int32
607 if err != nil && !isNotFound(err) {
608 // If the server doesn't know about the message type and returns "not found",
609 // we'll treat that as "no known extensions" instead of returning an error.
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500610 return nil, err
611 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000612 if err == nil {
613 extResp := resp.GetAllExtensionNumbersResponse()
614 if extResp == nil {
615 return nil, &ProtocolError{reflect.TypeOf(extResp).Elem()}
616 }
617 exts = extResp.ExtensionNumber
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500618 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000619
620 resolver := cr.fallbackResolver.Load()
621 if resolver != nil && resolver.extensionResolver != nil {
622 type extRanger interface {
623 RangeExtensionsByMessage(message protoreflect.FullName, f func(protoreflect.ExtensionType) bool)
624 }
625 if ranger, ok := resolver.extensionResolver.(extRanger); ok {
626 // Merge results with fallback resolver
627 extSet := map[int32]struct{}{}
628 ranger.RangeExtensionsByMessage(protoreflect.FullName(extendedMessageName), func(extType protoreflect.ExtensionType) bool {
629 extSet[int32(extType.TypeDescriptor().Number())] = struct{}{}
630 return true
631 })
632 if len(extSet) > 0 {
633 // De-dupe with the set of extension numbers we got
634 // from the server and merge the results back into exts.
635 for _, ext := range exts {
636 extSet[ext] = struct{}{}
637 }
638 exts = make([]int32, 0, len(extSet))
639 for ext := range extSet {
640 exts = append(exts, ext)
641 }
642 sort.Slice(exts, func(i, j int) bool { return exts[i] < exts[j] })
643 }
644 }
645 }
646 return exts, nil
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500647}
648
649// ListServices asks the server for the fully-qualified names of all exposed
650// services.
651func (cr *Client) ListServices() ([]string, error) {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000652 req := &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest{
653 MessageRequest: &refv1.ServerReflectionRequest_ListServices{
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500654 // proto doesn't indicate any purpose for this value and server impl
655 // doesn't actually use it...
656 ListServices: "*",
657 },
658 }
659 resp, err := cr.send(req)
660 if err != nil {
661 return nil, err
662 }
663
664 listResp := resp.GetListServicesResponse()
665 if listResp == nil {
666 return nil, &ProtocolError{reflect.TypeOf(listResp).Elem()}
667 }
668 serviceNames := make([]string, len(listResp.Service))
669 for i, s := range listResp.Service {
670 serviceNames[i] = s.Name
671 }
672 return serviceNames, nil
673}
674
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000675func (cr *Client) send(req *refv1.ServerReflectionRequest) (*refv1.ServerReflectionResponse, error) {
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500676 // we allow one immediate retry, in case we have a stale stream
677 // (e.g. closed by server)
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000678 resp, err := cr.doSend(req)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500679 if err != nil {
680 return nil, err
681 }
682
683 // convert error response messages into errors
684 errResp := resp.GetErrorResponse()
685 if errResp != nil {
686 return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Code(errResp.ErrorCode), "%s", errResp.ErrorMessage)
687 }
688
689 return resp, nil
690}
691
692func isNotFound(err error) bool {
693 if err == nil {
694 return false
695 }
696 s, ok := status.FromError(err)
697 return ok && s.Code() == codes.NotFound
698}
699
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000700func (cr *Client) doSend(req *refv1.ServerReflectionRequest) (*refv1.ServerReflectionResponse, error) {
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500701 // TODO: Streams are thread-safe, so we shouldn't need to lock. But without locking, we'll need more machinery
702 // (goroutines and channels) to ensure that responses are correctly correlated with their requests and thus
703 // delivered in correct oder.
704 cr.connMu.Lock()
705 defer cr.connMu.Unlock()
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000706 return cr.doSendLocked(0, nil, req)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500707}
708
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000709func (cr *Client) doSendLocked(attemptCount int, prevErr error, req *refv1.ServerReflectionRequest) (*refv1.ServerReflectionResponse, error) {
710 if attemptCount >= 3 && prevErr != nil {
711 return nil, prevErr
712 }
713 if (status.Code(prevErr) == codes.Unimplemented ||
714 status.Code(prevErr) == codes.Unavailable) &&
715 cr.useV1() {
716 // If v1 is unimplemented, fallback to v1alpha.
717 // We also fallback on unavailable because some servers have been
718 // observed to close the connection/cancel the stream, w/out sending
719 // back status or headers, when the service name is not known. When
720 // this happens, the RPC status code is unavailable.
721 // See https://github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl/issues/434
722 cr.useV1Alpha = true
723 cr.lastTriedV1 = cr.now()
724 }
725 attemptCount++
726
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500727 if err := cr.initStreamLocked(); err != nil {
728 return nil, err
729 }
730
731 if err := cr.stream.Send(req); err != nil {
732 if err == io.EOF {
733 // if send returns EOF, must call Recv to get real underlying error
734 _, err = cr.stream.Recv()
735 }
736 cr.resetLocked()
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000737 return cr.doSendLocked(attemptCount, err, req)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500738 }
739
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000740 resp, err := cr.stream.Recv()
741 if err != nil {
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500742 cr.resetLocked()
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000743 return cr.doSendLocked(attemptCount, err, req)
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500744 }
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000745 return resp, nil
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500746}
747
748func (cr *Client) initStreamLocked() error {
749 if cr.stream != nil {
750 return nil
751 }
752 var newCtx context.Context
753 newCtx, cr.cancel = context.WithCancel(cr.ctx)
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000754 if cr.useV1Alpha == true && cr.now().Sub(cr.lastTriedV1) > durationBetweenV1Attempts {
755 // we're due for periodic retry of v1
756 cr.useV1Alpha = false
757 }
758 if cr.useV1() {
759 // try the v1 API
760 streamv1, err := cr.stubV1.ServerReflectionInfo(newCtx)
761 if err == nil {
762 cr.stream = streamv1
763 return nil
764 }
765 if status.Code(err) != codes.Unimplemented {
766 return err
767 }
768 // oh well, fall through below to try v1alpha and update state
769 // so we skip straight to v1alpha next time
770 cr.useV1Alpha = true
771 cr.lastTriedV1 = cr.now()
772 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500773 var err error
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000774 streamv1alpha, err := cr.stubV1Alpha.ServerReflectionInfo(newCtx)
775 if err == nil {
776 cr.stream = adaptStreamFromV1Alpha{streamv1alpha}
777 return nil
778 }
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500779 return err
780}
781
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000782func (cr *Client) useV1() bool {
783 return !cr.useV1Alpha && cr.stubV1 != nil
784}
785
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500786// Reset ensures that any active stream with the server is closed, releasing any
787// resources.
788func (cr *Client) Reset() {
789 cr.connMu.Lock()
790 defer cr.connMu.Unlock()
791 cr.resetLocked()
792}
793
794func (cr *Client) resetLocked() {
795 if cr.stream != nil {
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000796 _ = cr.stream.CloseSend()
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500797 for {
798 // drain the stream, this covers io.EOF too
799 if _, err := cr.stream.Recv(); err != nil {
800 break
801 }
802 }
803 cr.stream = nil
804 }
805 if cr.cancel != nil {
806 cr.cancel()
807 cr.cancel = nil
808 }
809}
810
811// ResolveService asks the server to resolve the given fully-qualified service
812// name into a service descriptor.
813func (cr *Client) ResolveService(serviceName string) (*desc.ServiceDescriptor, error) {
814 file, err := cr.FileContainingSymbol(serviceName)
815 if err != nil {
816 return nil, setSymbolType(err, serviceName, symbolTypeService)
817 }
818 d := file.FindSymbol(serviceName)
819 if d == nil {
820 return nil, symbolNotFound(serviceName, symbolTypeService, nil)
821 }
822 if s, ok := d.(*desc.ServiceDescriptor); ok {
823 return s, nil
824 } else {
825 return nil, symbolNotFound(serviceName, symbolTypeService, nil)
826 }
827}
828
829// ResolveMessage asks the server to resolve the given fully-qualified message
830// name into a message descriptor.
831func (cr *Client) ResolveMessage(messageName string) (*desc.MessageDescriptor, error) {
832 file, err := cr.FileContainingSymbol(messageName)
833 if err != nil {
834 return nil, setSymbolType(err, messageName, symbolTypeMessage)
835 }
836 d := file.FindSymbol(messageName)
837 if d == nil {
838 return nil, symbolNotFound(messageName, symbolTypeMessage, nil)
839 }
840 if s, ok := d.(*desc.MessageDescriptor); ok {
841 return s, nil
842 } else {
843 return nil, symbolNotFound(messageName, symbolTypeMessage, nil)
844 }
845}
846
847// ResolveEnum asks the server to resolve the given fully-qualified enum name
848// into an enum descriptor.
849func (cr *Client) ResolveEnum(enumName string) (*desc.EnumDescriptor, error) {
850 file, err := cr.FileContainingSymbol(enumName)
851 if err != nil {
852 return nil, setSymbolType(err, enumName, symbolTypeEnum)
853 }
854 d := file.FindSymbol(enumName)
855 if d == nil {
856 return nil, symbolNotFound(enumName, symbolTypeEnum, nil)
857 }
858 if s, ok := d.(*desc.EnumDescriptor); ok {
859 return s, nil
860 } else {
861 return nil, symbolNotFound(enumName, symbolTypeEnum, nil)
862 }
863}
864
865func setSymbolType(err error, name string, symType symbolType) error {
866 if e, ok := err.(*elementNotFoundError); ok {
867 if e.kind == elementKindSymbol && e.name == name && e.symType == symbolTypeUnknown {
868 e.symType = symType
869 }
870 }
871 return err
872}
873
874// ResolveEnumValues asks the server to resolve the given fully-qualified enum
875// name into a map of names to numbers that represents the enum's values.
876func (cr *Client) ResolveEnumValues(enumName string) (map[string]int32, error) {
877 enumDesc, err := cr.ResolveEnum(enumName)
878 if err != nil {
879 return nil, err
880 }
881 vals := map[string]int32{}
882 for _, valDesc := range enumDesc.GetValues() {
883 vals[valDesc.GetName()] = valDesc.GetNumber()
884 }
885 return vals, nil
886}
887
888// ResolveExtension asks the server to resolve the given extension number and
889// fully-qualified message name into a field descriptor.
890func (cr *Client) ResolveExtension(extendedType string, extensionNumber int32) (*desc.FieldDescriptor, error) {
891 file, err := cr.FileContainingExtension(extendedType, extensionNumber)
892 if err != nil {
893 return nil, err
894 }
895 d := findExtension(extendedType, extensionNumber, fileDescriptorExtensions{file})
896 if d == nil {
897 return nil, extensionNotFound(extendedType, extensionNumber, nil)
898 } else {
899 return d, nil
900 }
901}
902
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +0000903func fileWithoutDeps(fd *descriptorpb.FileDescriptorProto, missingDeps []int) *descriptorpb.FileDescriptorProto {
904 // We need to rebuild the file without the missing deps.
905 fd = proto.Clone(fd).(*descriptorpb.FileDescriptorProto)
906 newNumDeps := len(fd.GetDependency()) - len(missingDeps)
907 newDeps := make([]string, 0, newNumDeps)
908 remapped := make(map[int]int, newNumDeps)
909 missingIdx := 0
910 for i, dep := range fd.GetDependency() {
911 if missingIdx < len(missingDeps) {
912 if i == missingDeps[missingIdx] {
913 // This dep was missing. Skip it.
914 missingIdx++
915 continue
916 }
917 }
918 remapped[i] = len(newDeps)
919 newDeps = append(newDeps, dep)
920 }
921 // Also rebuild public and weak import slices.
922 newPublic := make([]int32, 0, len(fd.GetPublicDependency()))
923 for _, idx := range fd.GetPublicDependency() {
924 newIdx, ok := remapped[int(idx)]
925 if ok {
926 newPublic = append(newPublic, int32(newIdx))
927 }
928 }
929 newWeak := make([]int32, 0, len(fd.GetWeakDependency()))
930 for _, idx := range fd.GetWeakDependency() {
931 newIdx, ok := remapped[int(idx)]
932 if ok {
933 newWeak = append(newWeak, int32(newIdx))
934 }
935 }
936
937 fd.Dependency = newDeps
938 fd.PublicDependency = newPublic
939 fd.WeakDependency = newWeak
940 return fd
941}
942
khenaidoo0927c722021-12-15 16:49:32 -0500943func findExtension(extendedType string, extensionNumber int32, scope extensionScope) *desc.FieldDescriptor {
944 // search extensions in this scope
945 for _, ext := range scope.extensions() {
946 if ext.GetNumber() == extensionNumber && ext.GetOwner().GetFullyQualifiedName() == extendedType {
947 return ext
948 }
949 }
950
951 // if not found, search nested scopes
952 for _, nested := range scope.nestedScopes() {
953 ext := findExtension(extendedType, extensionNumber, nested)
954 if ext != nil {
955 return ext
956 }
957 }
958
959 return nil
960}
961
962type extensionScope interface {
963 extensions() []*desc.FieldDescriptor
964 nestedScopes() []extensionScope
965}
966
967// fileDescriptorExtensions implements extensionHolder interface on top of
968// FileDescriptorProto
969type fileDescriptorExtensions struct {
970 proto *desc.FileDescriptor
971}
972
973func (fde fileDescriptorExtensions) extensions() []*desc.FieldDescriptor {
974 return fde.proto.GetExtensions()
975}
976
977func (fde fileDescriptorExtensions) nestedScopes() []extensionScope {
978 scopes := make([]extensionScope, len(fde.proto.GetMessageTypes()))
979 for i, m := range fde.proto.GetMessageTypes() {
980 scopes[i] = msgDescriptorExtensions{m}
981 }
982 return scopes
983}
984
985// msgDescriptorExtensions implements extensionHolder interface on top of
986// DescriptorProto
987type msgDescriptorExtensions struct {
988 proto *desc.MessageDescriptor
989}
990
991func (mde msgDescriptorExtensions) extensions() []*desc.FieldDescriptor {
992 return mde.proto.GetNestedExtensions()
993}
994
995func (mde msgDescriptorExtensions) nestedScopes() []extensionScope {
996 scopes := make([]extensionScope, len(mde.proto.GetNestedMessageTypes()))
997 for i, m := range mde.proto.GetNestedMessageTypes() {
998 scopes[i] = msgDescriptorExtensions{m}
999 }
1000 return scopes
1001}
Abhay Kumar40252eb2025-10-13 13:25:53 +00001002
1003type adaptStreamFromV1Alpha struct {
1004 refv1alpha.ServerReflection_ServerReflectionInfoClient
1005}
1006
1007func (a adaptStreamFromV1Alpha) Send(request *refv1.ServerReflectionRequest) error {
1008 v1req := toV1AlphaRequest(request)
1009 return a.ServerReflection_ServerReflectionInfoClient.Send(v1req)
1010}
1011
1012func (a adaptStreamFromV1Alpha) Recv() (*refv1.ServerReflectionResponse, error) {
1013 v1resp, err := a.ServerReflection_ServerReflectionInfoClient.Recv()
1014 if err != nil {
1015 return nil, err
1016 }
1017 return toV1Response(v1resp), nil
1018}